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Probes sent to the planet Venus


Probes sent to the planet Venus

Image: The planet Venus with a diameter of 12,100 km is a little smaller than the Earth which has a diameter of 12,756 km.

The probes sent to the planet Venus

• Venera 1 (Soviet Union, 1961): Its objective was to make scientific measurements of the interplanetary environment and to fly over Venus. However, she failed to reach her destination

• Mariner 2 (USA, 1962): This was NASA's first successful interplanetary mission and its main objective was to collect scientific data on the atmosphere and surface temperature of Venus.

• Venera 2 (Soviet Union, 1965): The main objective of this mission was to study interplanetary radiation, magnetic fields and particle fluxes en route to Venus. However, she failed before reaching her destination.

• Venera 3 (Soviet Union, 1965): This was the first probe to reach the surface of Venus, but it failed during landing.

• Venera 4 (Soviet Union, 1967): This mission made it possible to carry out the first direct measurements of the atmosphere of Venus

• Mariner 5 (United States, 1967): This mission aimed to study the atmosphere, surface temperature and magnetic field of Venus.

• Venera 5 (Soviet Union, 1969): The main objective of this mission was to study the atmosphere of Venus.

• Venera 6 (Soviet Union, 1969): This mission had the same objective as Venera 5, but with different instruments.

• Venera 7 (Soviet Union, 1970): This mission succeeded in landing on the surface of Venus and transmitting the first scientific data from the surface of the planet.

• Cosmos 482 (Soviet Union, 1972): This mission was intended to study Venus and Mars, but failed shortly after launch.

• Venera 9 (Soviet Union, 1975): This mission aimed to study the surface of Venus and the atmospheric environment.

• Venera 10 (Soviet Union, 1975): This mission had the same objective as Venera 9, but with different instruments.

• Pioneer Venus Orbiter (USA, 1978): The main purpose of this mission was to map the surface of Venus and collect data on the planet's atmosphere.

• Pioneer Venus Multiprobe (USA, 1978): This mission sent four probes to Venus to study the atmosphere and surface of the planet.

• Venera 11 (Soviet Union, 1978): mission to study the composition of the atmosphere of Venus and the surface of the planet.

• Venera 12 (Soviet Union, 1978): mission to measure the composition of the atmosphere of Venus and study the surface of the planet.

• Venera 13 (Soviet Union, 1981): mission to study the composition of the atmosphere of Venus and the surface of the planet.

• Vega 1 (Soviet Union, 1985) - Objective: to study the atmosphere, surface and composition of Venus.

• Vega 2 (Soviet Union, 1985) - Objective: to study the atmosphere, surface and composition of Venus.

• Magellan (United States, 1989) - Objective: to map the surface of Venus and study its geology.

• Venus Express (European Space Agency, 2005) - Objective: to study the atmosphere, surface and composition of Venus.

• Akatsuki (Japan, 2010) - Objective: to study the atmosphere of Venus and its climate.

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