Image: The Phlegraean Fields were formed around 40,000 years ago in a series of explosive volcanic eruptions. They consist of several volcanoes and calderas, which are large circular depressions formed by the collapse of land after a major volcanic eruption.
The Phlegrean Fields (Campi Flegrei) is a large volcanic area located in the Campania region of Italy, near the city of Naples. This volcanic region is of great geological and historical importance as it is home to several impressive calderas, including that of Solfatara. Calderas are geological depressions formed by the collapse of the ground after a major volcanic eruption. They provide valuable clues to past eruptions and changes in the volcanic landscape over time.
The Phlegraean Fields are known for their geothermal activity, including hot springs, fumaroles and solfataras. These geothermal phenomena result from the heat and gases released by volcanoes. They are used for geothermal, energy and therapeutic purposes.
The best-known caldera in the region is that of Solfatara, which is an active volcanic crater. It is characterized by the emission of sulphurous gases, steam and bubbling mud.
The Phlegraean Fields region has a rich history and has been inhabited since ancient times. Archaeological remains, such as the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, testify to the ancient presence of civilizations that flourished in this fertile volcanic area.
The Phlegraean fields are also of great importance in terms of volcanic risk management. Due to their continuous volcanic activity, they are a natural laboratory for the study and prediction of volcanic eruptions. Scientists are closely monitoring the area for signs of possible volcanic activity and to warn of risks to the local population.
The area offers unique landscapes, interesting geological formations, and opportunities for hiking and exploration.
There are about 1,500 active terrestrial volcanoes, of which around 60 erupt every year.
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