Juno (3) is the third asteroid discovered in the solar system, named after Juno, the wife of Jupiter. This is one of the main asteroid main belt. Juno was discovered by Carl Ludwig Harding Observatory Lilienthal, near Bremen, September 1, 1804 using a simple 5-cm telescope aperture.
Juno revolves around the Sun in 4.36 years with a semi-major axis of about 400 million km and an eccentricity of 0.26. Juno's orbit changed in 1839, perhaps due to an impact. Images taken in adaptive optics to Mount Wilson Observatory (USA) show that the small planet about 230 km average diameter was completely disfigured by a collision that created a huge crater size 100 km like a bite.
This adaptive optics system has resulted in a remarkably clear view of Juno, reducing interference with the Earth's atmosphere. Image: The artist representation on the image to the right shows the front, a huge impact crater.
(David A. Aguilar, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics).nota: The interplanetary space is far from empty, it is littered with dust and matter dating from the creation of the solar system. Asteroids are mainly located in the main belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter (between 300 and 600 million km from the Sun). There are hundreds of thousands of objects listed. All objects could have formed a planet in the area but the gravitational perturbations of Jupiter did not permit. | | 
| Juno |
Characteristics |
| |
|
| Dimensions |
320x267x200 km |
| Mean radius |
≈233 km |
| Mass |
2.82±0,12×1019 kg |
| Rotation period |
7.21 hr |
| Temperature |
≈163 K |
| Aphelion |
502.08×106 km |
| Perihelion |
328.87×106 km |
| Semi-major axis |
399.48×106 km |
| Axial tilt |
51° |
| Orbital period |
4.37 a or 1595.4 d |
| Average orbital speed |
17.93 km/s |
| Eccentricity |
0.2568 |
| Inclination to Ecliptic |
12.968° |
| Longitude of ascending node |
169.96° |
| Argument of perihelion |
247.93° |
| |
| Asteroids |
Approximate
dimensions |
Discovery
date |
| |
|
|
| Ceres 1 |
974.6 km |
1801 |
| Pallas 2 |
582×556×500 km |
1802 |
| Vesta 4 |
572.6x557.2x446 km |
1807 |
| Hygiea 10 |
530x407x370 km |
1849 |
| Sylvia 87 |
384x262x232 km |
1866 |
| Hektor 624 |
370x195x195 km |
1907 |
| Europa 52 |
360x315x240 km |
1858 |
| Eunomia 15 |
357x355x212 km |
1851 |
| Davida 511 |
357x294x231 km |
1903 |
| Interamnia 704 |
350.3x303.6 km |
1910 |
| Camilla 107 |
344x246x205 km |
1868 |
| Juno 3 |
320x267x200 km |
1804 |
| Cybele 65 |
302x290x232 km |
1861 |
| Hermione 121 |
268x186x183 km |
1872 |
| Euphrosyne 31 |
255.9 km |
1854 |
| Chariklo 10199 |
248x258 km |
1997 |
| Iris 7 |
240x200x200 km |
1847 |
| Psyche 16 |
240x185x145 km |
1852 |
| Daphne 41 |
239x183x153 km |
1856 |
| Kalliope 22 |
235x144x124 km |
1852 |
| Amphitrite 29 |
233x212x193 km |
1854 |
List of the largest asteroids.nota: The eccentricity defines the shape of an elliptical orbit, it varies between 0 and 1. 0 for circular orbits. A high eccentricity decreases the minor axis (perihelion) and increases the larger axis (aphelion), but does not change the major axis.
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