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Automatic translation  Automatic translation Category: planets and dwarf planets
Updated November 22, 2019
  Structure interne d'astéroïde

Image: the star TRAPPIST-1a and its 7 telluric planets represented with their respective sizes (the distance to the star is not respected).

nota: TRAPPIST (Transiting planets and planetesimals small telescope) is a network of 2 robotic telescopes. A telescope is located at the La Silla Observatory (Chile) and the second telescope at Oukaïmeden (Morocco).

 
 

Video: Rhythmic and harmonious musical vision of transits of planets in front of their star. A team of NASA researchers and musicians has turned the orbits of the seven worlds TRAPPIST-1 into music.
No other known planetary system has so many resonant worlds.
The computer simulations suggest that the planets should have bumped very quickly after their formation. But the resonance apparently saved them, according to Dan Tamayo, Cornell University Ithaca, New York.

Nautilus

The nautilus is a marine mollusk whose shell develops coiled forward, in the form of a spiral.
The interior is partitioned into different boxes and the body of the nautilus occupies the last lodge.
The nautilus moves by reaction by throwing water through a valve (funnel).
Its habitat is the Indian Ocean, the China Sea and the Pacific Ocean.

Constellation of Aquarius

The constellation of Aquarius (water carrier) is crossed by the Sun from February 16 to March 11.
The brightest star in the constellation Aquarius is a red supergiant β Aquarii (Sadalsuud of Arabic Al Sa'd al Su'ud, literally meaning "the luckiest of the lucky ones"), located 612 light-years away. Aquarius is between Capricorn in the west and Pisces in the east.

The light-year (AL) is a unit of measure of distance used in astronomy which corresponds to the distance traveled by the light in the vacuum during a Julian year (365,25 days or 31,557,600 seconds), approximately 10,000 billions of kilometers.
The speed of light in a vacuum is a physical constant of 299,792,458 m / s (about 300,000 km / s).

Habitable zone in astronomy

The circumstellar habitable zone or ecosphere is a theoretical circular tube surrounding a star in which the temperature on the surface of planets in orbit, would allow the appearance of liquid water.
Scientists believe that liquid water is vital because of its role in biochemical reactions.

Harmonic

A harmonic is a component of a periodic sound whose frequency is an integer multiple of a fundamental frequency. If ƒ is the fundamental frequency, the harmonics have frequencies equal to: 2ƒ, 3ƒ, 4ƒ, 5ƒ, and so on. The fundamental note is the la (440 Hz), the harmonic of rank 2 is at 880 Hz, that of rank 3 at 1320 Hz, etc.

Ultra-cold dwarf

An ultra-cold dwarf is a brown dwarf star whose temperature is less than 2,700 Kelvin (temperature of the photosphere of our Sun is 5,781 K).
These very small stars represent about 15% of the main objects of our galaxy.
The small size of the protoplanetary disks that formed the ultra-cold dwarfs mostly hosts a relatively large population of terrestrial planets ranging from the size of Mercury to that of the Earth.

Transit method

When we observe a planetary system by the edge, we can see a planet passing in front of its star (planetary transit) because it will bring down its brightness very slightly.
The transit method consists in detecting these planetary transits many times. If the transit is repeated (period), the presence of a body in orbit around the star is confirmed.
Transit provides the period of revolution and the diameter of the planet (from apparent diameters), the half-major axis of the planet's orbit (using Kepler's third law).
This information with the brightness of the star allows to position the planet in relation to the habitable zone of the star.

Orbital resonance

Orbital resonance occurs when two celestial objects in revolution on their orbits have periods of revolution whose ratio is an integer.
Orbital resonance is commonly rated 1: 1 or 2: 1 or 4: 1, which is the number of times the inner object travels through its orbit as the outer object travels through its own orbit.
In the Solar System, the satellites of Jupiter are in perfect resonance. Ganimede travels 1 orbit while Europe travels 2 and IO 4.

           

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