Observable universe and the CMB | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cosmic microwave background radiation | Automatic translation | Updated June 01, 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The electromagnetic radiation from the sky background or Cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB), is a natural radiation of microwaves at low temperatures reaching the surface of the Earth from all directions of the cosmos. It is so called because it forms a background to all radio sources that point were detected by radio telescopes. It was detected for the first time by Arno Penzias and Robert W. Wilson, 1965, Bell Telephone Laboratories in New Jersey. The discovery of the cosmic microwave without specific source is the residue of the extreme conditions that prevailed in the first moments of the Universe. This has led to the conclusion that the universe, there is 13.7 billion years, was at a temperature of at least 3000°C. This background radiation of the sky at 2.7 K, i.e. -270° Celsius. It has not been issued to the birth of the universe but at the time when the universe passes from an opaque state to a transparent state, i.e. light. | Going back a little in time, the universe reaches temperatures of agenda trillion level. In this state it is not composed of nuclei of neutrons and protons, but a soup of quarks and gluons. Quarks attract and repel by exchanging gluons as the electrons give off photons in the electromagnetic fields. Only when the temperature decreases that quarks combine to form neutrons, protons and mesons. Going back even further, one hundred of a second before, we still find fossils. For example, the number of photons versus the number of atoms is 3 billion.
| Image: The radiation of the background sky is a natural radiation of microwaves fossil 2.73 K. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Universe in video |
What would an imaginary journey throughout the known universe? Video: Video on a space trip, round trip between Earth and the cosmic horizon of the known Universe. The Known Universe - Credit & Copyright: American Museum of Natural History |